Urogymnus granulatus

Identification	Small, rounded disc with a short tail. Sandy brown to gray upper surface with a granulated texture. White underside typical of rays.
Maximum Length	Up to 18 inches disc width
Origin	Indo-Pacific — coastal mangroves and estuaries
Minimum Tank Size	200 gallons (wide footprint, sandy bottom)
Reef Compatible	No — reef and invert predator

Behavior

A small coastal ray suited to shallow, calm environments with sandy substrates. Lies buried in sand for extended periods, emerging to feed. Requires a tank with a very wide footprint and deep sand bed to bury in. Not suitable for typical home aquariums.

Diet & Feeding

Carnivore. Feeds on small fish, worms, molluscs, and crustaceans buried in sand. Offer live or frozen clam, worm preparations, and mysis placed on or near the substrate.

Cautions

Venomous tail spine — handle with extreme caution. Needs enormous, shallow tank with sand. Not for typical home systems.